📘 Class
8 Social Science
🏛️
Chapter 6: The Parliamentary System – Legislature & Executive
🌟 The
Big Questions
1. What is India’s parliamentary system, and how
is it structured?
👉 Answer:
🇮🇳
India’s parliamentary system means:
- 🧑🤝🧑
People elect representatives
- 🏛️
These representatives run the country
👉
Structure:
- 👑
President
- 🏛️
Lok Sabha (Lower House)
- 🏛️
Rajya Sabha (Upper House)
👉 ✔️ Bicameral system = 2 Houses
2. What are the key functions of the Parliament?
👉 Answer:
📊 Main
Functions:
1.
🧾 Law
making
2.
💰
Financial control (Budget)
3.
❓
Questioning government
4.
📜
Constitutional work
👉 ✔️ Ensures proper governance
3. What are the roles of the legislature and the
executive in India’s Parliamentary democracy?
👉 Answer:
🏛️
Legislature:
- 📜
Makes laws
- ❓ Checks government
⚙️
Executive:
- 🛠️
Implements laws
- 👨💼
Includes PM & Ministers
👉 ✔️ Legislature controls Executive
4. How are the legislature and the executive
organised at the union and state levels?
👉 Answer:
🇮🇳 Union
Level:
- 🏛️
Parliament
- 👑
President
- 👨💼
Prime Minister
🏙️ State
Level:
- 🏛️
Vidhan Sabha
- 👤
Governor
- 👨💼
Chief Minister
👉 ✔️ Same system at both levels
📝
Questions and Activities
1. Find out how many representatives from your
state are in each House of the Parliament.
👉 Answer:
📍
Example: Delhi
- 🏛️
Lok Sabha → 7 MPs
- 🏛️
Rajya Sabha → 3 MPs
👉 ✔️ Total = 10 MPs
2. What makes the Indian Parliament the “voice
of the people”? How does it ensure that different opinions are heard?
👉 Answer:
🧑🤝🧑 Why
voice of people:
- MPs
are directly elected
📢 How
opinions are heard:
- 🗣️
Debates
- ❓ Question Hour
- 🏛️
Two Houses
- 📑
Committees
👉 ✔️ Everyone’s voice matters
3. Why do you think the Constitution made the
Executive responsible to the Legislature?
👉 Answer:
⚖️
Reasons:
- ✔️ Accountability
- ✔️ Prevent misuse of
power
- ✔️ Government works
for people
👉 ✔️ Keeps democracy strong
4. Why do you think we have chosen the system of
bicameral legislature at the Union level?
👉 Answer:
🏛️
Reasons:
- 🧑🤝🧑
Better representation
- ⚖️ Balance between
states & people
- 📜
Better law discussion
👉 ✔️ Improves decision-making
5. Try to track the journey of a recent bill
passed by the Parliament...
👉 Answer:
📘
Example: Public Examinations Bill 2024
📅
Timeline:
- Feb
5 →
Introduced
- Feb
6 →
Passed Lok Sabha
- Feb
9 →
Passed Rajya Sabha
- ✔️ Became law in 4
days
👉 ✔️ Fast decision due to
importance
6. Choose a recent law… role-play (model
Parliament).
👉 Answer:
🎭 Scenes
include:
- 🏛️
Lok Sabha debate
- 🗳️
Voting
- 🏛️
Rajya Sabha approval
- 👑
President assent
👉 ✔️ Bill → Law
process
7. Why might it have taken over 25 years for
Women’s Reservation Bill to pass?
👉 Answer:
⏳
Reasons:
- ⚖️ Political
disagreements
- 🗣️
Long debates
- 📑
Committee discussions
👉 ✔️ Laws take time
8. What impact do disruptions in Parliament
have?
👉 Answer:
❌
Effects:
- 📉
Poor law quality
- 😟
Loss of public trust
👉 ✔️ Parliament must function
properly
9. Create interest groups and questions for MP /
MLA
👉 Answer:
👨🎓
Example Groups:
📚
Education Group
- MLA
→
School issues
- MP
→
National policy
🌱
Environment Group
- MLA
→
Local pollution
- MP
→
National laws
👉 ✔️ Different roles
10. What is the role of Judiciary? What if it
was not independent?
👉 Answer:
⚖️
Judiciary Role:
- 📜
Protect Constitution
- ⚖️ Solve disputes
- 🛡️
Protect rights
❌
Without it:
- 🚫
No justice
- 🚫
Power misuse
👉 ✔️ Very important for democracy
⚡ Very
Short Answer Questions
✏️ Short
Answer Type Questions
1. What is the structure of India’s
parliamentary system?
👉 Answer:
🇮🇳
India’s parliamentary system has:
- 🏛️ Bicameral
Parliament (2 Houses)
- 🧑🤝🧑
Lok Sabha → directly elected
- 🏛️
Rajya Sabha → indirectly elected
- 👑
President → constitutional head
👉 ✔️ Together form Legislature +
Executive
2. How does the lawmaking process work in
Parliament?
👉 Answer:
📜
Process:
- 📝
Bill introduced (any house)
- 📖
Readings & discussion
- 👥
Committee review
- 🗣️
Debate
- 🗳️
Voting in both houses
- 👑
President’s assent
👉 ✔️ Becomes law after approval
3. What are the key functions of Parliament?
👉 Answer:
⚡
Functions:
- 📜
Makes laws
- ❓ Holds government
accountable
- 💰
Controls finances
- 📖
Amends Constitution
- 🧑🤝🧑
Represents people
👉 ✔️ Platform for national debate
4. What is the difference between Lok Sabha and
Rajya Sabha?
👉 Answer:
🏛️ Lok
Sabha:
- 🧑🤝🧑
Represents people
- 🗳️
Direct election
- ⏳ 5 years
- 👥
543 members
🏛️ Rajya
Sabha:
- 🌍
Represents states
- 🔁
Indirect election
- ⏳ 6 years
- 👥
245 members
👉 ✔️ Both have different roles
5. How does Parliament hold government
accountable?
👉 Answer:
🔍
Methods:
- ❓ Question Hour
- 🗣️
Debates
- 📑
Committees
- 🚫
No-confidence motion
- 💰
Budget discussion
👉 ✔️ Ensures transparency
6. What is the role of the President in
Parliament?
👉 Answer:
👑
President:
- 📅
Summons Parliament
- ⏸️ Prorogues sessions
- ✍️ Gives assent to
bills
- 🏛️
Addresses joint session
- नियुक्त
PM & ministers
👉 ✔️ Constitutional head
7. How do state legislatures compare to
Parliament?
👉 Answer:
🏙️ State
system:
- 🏛️
Vidhan Sabha (like Lok Sabha)
- 🏛️
Vidhan Parishad (like Rajya Sabha)
- 👤
Governor = head
👉 ✔️ Makes laws for state
8. What are the challenges facing Indian
legislatures?
👉 Answer:
❌
Problems:
- 🔇
Disruptions
- ⚖️ Criminalization
- ⏳ Delay in laws
- 👥
Poor attendance
- 🗣️
Weak debates
👉 ✔️ Affects governance
9. What is the significance of the Sengol in
Parliament?
👉 Answer:
🏛️ Sengol
means:
- 📜
Symbol of power transfer (1947)
- ⚖️ Represents justice
& dharma
- 🇮🇳
Cultural heritage
👉 ✔️ Sign of righteous governance
10. How does Judiciary balance Parliament’s
power?
👉 Answer:
⚖️
Judiciary:
- 📜
Checks laws
- ❌ Stops
unconstitutional acts
- 🛡️
Protects rights
👉 ✔️ Maintains balance of power
📝 Long
Answer Type Questions
1. Explain the composition and functions of the
Indian Parliament
👉 Answer:
🏛️
Composition:
- 👑
President
- 🧑🤝🧑
Lok Sabha (543 members)
- 🌍
Rajya Sabha (245 members)
⚡
Functions:
- 📜
Lawmaking
- ❓ Control Executive
- 💰
Approve budget
- 📊
Check spending
👉 ✔️ Ensures governance
2. Describe the lawmaking process in the Indian
Parliament
👉 Answer:
📜 Steps:
- 📝
Bill introduced
- 📖
First reading
- 🧠
Committee review
- 🗣️
Debate
- 🗳️
Voting
- 🔁
Other house
- 👑
President assent
- 📢
Gazette notification
👉 ✔️ Law comes into force
3. Compare and contrast the Lok Sabha and Rajya
Sabha
👉 Answer:
📊
Comparison:
- 🧑🤝🧑
Lok Sabha → People
- 🌍
Rajya Sabha → States
- ⏳ 5 years vs 6 years
- 💰
Money bill → only Lok Sabha
- 🔄
Rajya Sabha permanent
👉 ✔️ Both important
4. Explain the system of checks and balances
between legislature executive and judiciary
👉 Answer:
⚖️
System:
- 🏛️
Legislature → makes laws
- ⚙️ Executive →
implements
- ⚖️ Judiciary →
checks
🔁
Balance:
- Judiciary
reviews laws
- Legislature
controls executive
- Executive
executes decisions
👉 ✔️ No one becomes too powerful
5. Discuss the challenges faced by Indian
legislatures today
👉 Answer:
❌
Challenges:
- 🔇
Frequent disruptions
- ⚖️ Criminalization
- ⏳ Delay in laws
- 👥
Poor attendance
- 🗣️
Weak debates
- 🔍
Need transparency
👉 ✔️ Improvement needed
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